Astrophysics

In recent years, several New England projects have promoted professional development and curriculum design in optics and photonics. Funded in part by the Advanced Technological Education (ATE) program of the National Science Foundation (NSF), these projects have prepared middle and high school teachers, college faculty and career counselors from more than 100 New England institutions to introduce fiber optics, telecommunications and photonics technology education. Four of these projects will be discussed here: (1) The New England Board of Higher Education's (NEBHE) Fiber Optics Technology Education Project, (FOTEP) was designed to teach fiber optics theory and to provide laboratory experiences at the secondary and postsecondary levels. (2) Springfield Technical Community College's Northeast Center for Telecommunications Technologies (NCTT) is developing curricula and instructional materials in lightwave, networking and wireless telecommunications technologies. (3) The Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics project ComTech developed a 12-week, hands-on curriculum and teaching strategies for middle and high school science and technology teachers in telecommunications and focused on optical communication (fiber optics). (4) NEBHE's project PHOTON is preparing middle, secondary and postsecondary instructors to introduce theory and laboratory experiences in photonics, including geometric and wave optics as well as principles of lasers and photonics applications.

Part I – Spirilla Theory and Cosmology
Stephen Hawking once proclaimed that String Theory may be able to unify the various forces although later he became disillusioned thinking that there may be no Theory of Everything. This very condensed book pulls together the various forces into the Spirilla Theory which supersedes String Theory and introduces the Relativity of Consciousness.

The foundation of the Spirilla Theory is based on the writings of H. P. Blavatsky, A. B. Bailey, and A. Besant. By overlaying the works of Einstein, Bohm, de Broglie, Dirac, Bell and other great scientific minds, on top of the foundation, the unification of the various forces and theories starts to appear; each field of study supplying a part of the puzzle but only a holistic view of ALL endeavors will solve the mystery. The book starts by laying the groundwork through the Introduction, a review of Bell’s Theorem and p-adic mathematics; following this, each major section begins with a quote from the foundational works followed by the quotes from scientific papers demonstrating the current known thinking on the various topics; no attempts are made to edit the works (except with a few exceptions for clarity and/or length) of the various authors and references to the scientists’ works are maintained. Each section is pulled together so that a picture can be seen.
This section;
1. Redefines the atom with the addition of a subquark;
2. Defines the Spirilla Theory which unifies Quantum Mechanics and General Relativity, and explains Quantum Entanglement;
3. Defines new particles;
4. Redefines time and space;
5. Defines and solves the mystery of Black Holes and links the cosmic and quantum black hole through the spirillae;
6. Delves into the mystery of the Macroverse;
7. Outlines the steps in the origins of the universe;
8. Adds an equation to Einstein’s original 1905 paper on relativity which sees the speed of light approaching infinity;
9. Gives the foundation for developing space travel; and, as an appendix,
10. Gives detailed information for the development of a new energy source – Quantum Energy.

Part II - Ontology, Epistemology & Manifestations
Part II is divided into three sections:
1. Ontology and the fundamental concepts of reality which discusses:
a. consciousness and delves into the mystery of human consciousness having cosmic origins;
b. reincarnation and gives the various laws affecting rebirth, with a discussion on the principle of mutation and the perfecting of form;
c. the work of form-building, transmutation of form and the building of a human form.
2. Epistemology which covers a great deal of topics however; for the purposes of NOE the subject is restricted to;
a. evolution including a definition of the Law of Evolution, the cyclic ebb and flow and the rhythmic work of creation, the process of substitution, the evolution of man and the genesis of the pithecoid stocks; and
b. death including the processes of death, two main reasons for cremation and the sequence of events at death.
3. Manifestations of the various religions including:
a. why Christians don’t believe in reincarnation;
b. the coming science of invocation and evocation;
c. Quantum Entanglement Over Time (QEoT) or The Law of Cause and Effect, and The Law of Karma with a discussion on The Golden Rule ; and
d. The New World Religion.

This presentation explores all the experiments on the Moon since the Apollo missions, regarding the detection of water, hydroxyl, HO-, and other indicators, such as neutron abundances. It also cover many space missions and also correlates lab tests on moon samples with experimental observational data.

The purpose this work is to study density function of Dark Matter (D.M.) depending on E, total  intensity of gravitational field,  in a  group of  six  big spiral galaxies and try to explore a possible  Universal law between both magnitudes.
Galaxies selected are the following ones: Milky Way, M31, NGC 3031, NGC 3992, NGC 7331, NGC 2841 
The reason why it has been made this work is  to check the model of DM  proposed by the author in his previous paper [5] Abarca,M.2014 viXra. Dark Matter model by quantum vacuum.
Briefly, in that work was exposed a original  theory of DM.  This new theory defends  that  DM  is generated by the own gravitational field according an unknown quantum gravitational mechanism. In other words, Density of Dark Matter in a point P of space,  depend on E,  according a Universal law.  Therefore if  two different points P and Q belonging different  galaxies had the same  E, intensity of gravitational field,  then they should have the same density of DM. In short,  If  E(P) = E(Q)  then  Density DM(P) = Density DM (Q).
In the present paper, for each galaxy it will be calculated  E, total  intensity of gravitational field, depending on R. This  calculus is carry out through the Rotational Curve and the Virial Theorem.
In addition, for each galaxy it is considered a Dark matter density function, which is tabulated depending on R. After, it is plotted  DM density depending on E.
Data of eight galactic set are studied statistically and it is concluded that its coefficient correlation is enough high to fit a potential function to DM density depending on E.  Statistical process has been carefully detailed through the paper, so I have found plausible to postulate this function as Universal  for big galaxies. I have considered a big galaxy if its velocity inside its flat region of  rotation curve is up to 200 Km/s.
Dark matter function Density as Universal law for big galaxies
Density DM = 1,26 • 10^ - 6  • E^ B  where B = 1,74  inside a dominion  100 < E < 6500
Where  Unit for Density D.M. is 10^ -3 MSUN /pc^3  or m MSUN /pc^3    and  Unit for E is Km^ 2 / s^ 2 / Kpc
The same function with other suitable system of units is Density DM = 3,7323 • 10^ 17  • E^ B  being B = 1,74  Where  Unit for Density D.M. is mMSUN /pc^3    and  Unit for E is m/s^2.

In chapter 12 it is calculated Local DM density (Sun region).  Recent measures of  Sun are Radius =  and Sun Velocity =    With  such values, intensity of gravitational field in Sun Region  ESUN = Km^2/s^2/ Kpc  and  Density DM in Sun region  = 6,45 mMSUN / pc^3 = 0,245 GeV/cm^3 . This value agrees with direct measures of Local DM density.
In chapter 14, DM density potential function has been checked with NFW profile  in Milky Way and it has been found that  agreement between both curves are mainly under 10 % inside the whole dominion up to 375 Kpc which is an excellent agreement in astrophysics¡.
Finally in chapter 15, DM density potential  function has been checked with NFW profile  in M31.Although the agreement between both functions is not so good as in Milky Way case, relative error is enough small to accept that M31 supports DM density potential function.
I think that it has been justified properly that results could confirm DM density as universal law, especially if it is considered experimental error in rotation curves and error in calculus of DM density functions.
The author think that it may be worth to study a bigger number of  galaxies in order to check  or reject results got in this paper because Dark matter nature is one of the most important challenges for astrophysics science nowadays.

The measured characteristics of binary pulsars provide valuable insights into the evolution of these systems. We study the aspects of binary evolution particularly relevant to binary Millisecond Pulsars (MSPs), and the formation of close binaries involving degenerate stars through a spin-evolution diagram (spin-up line). For this task, we use a wide variety of binaries, including those with compact components that observed in different energy bands, which we analyze them according to the spin-up line. Their formation and evolution over timescales of binary evolution models are investigated in order to grab any constraint on their evolution, and to estimate the masses of neutron stars with different mass-transfer histories.

This paper proposes a Modular Universe toy-model (MUTM) predicting all elementary particles (EPs) to be actually quantum black-holes (QBHs) (gravitational quasi-singularities) governed by self-gravity and self-antigravity. This paper continues (from an alternative angle of view) the work of other past articles/preprints of the same author in physics (cited in anti-chronological order, from the latest to the oldest.
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This paper will utilize advanced computational mathematics and Quantum statistics for an algorithmic view on our universe. We will look at the theoretical nature of wave propagation, different Quantum states and propose a mathematical analysis for how it ties all together. Sequential equations applicable to nature and a utilization of Quantum similarity as proposed in my previous papers will also be used. The purpose of this paper is to provide a new approach to algorithmic Quantization in terms of describing the biggest complexities in Quantum Mechanics.

Based upon previous discussions on the structure of compact stars geared towards undergraduate physics students, a real experiment involving two upper-level undergraduate physics students, a beginning physics graduate, and two advanced graduate students was conducted. A recent addition to the physics curriculum at Florida State University, "The Physics of Stars", sparked quite a few students' interests in the subject matter involving stellar structure. This, coupled with "Stars and Statistical Physics" by Balian and Blaizot and "Neutron Stars for Undergraduates" by Silbar and Reddy, is the cornerstone of this small research group who tackled solving the structure equations for compact objects in the Summer of 2004. Through the use of a simple finite-difference algorithm coupled to Microsoft Excel and Maple, solutions to the equations for stellar structure are presented in the Newtonian regime appropriate to the physics of white dwarf stars.

Mars in unearthly, unchartered, unknown & yet attracts all of humanity. The hazards of the endeavor are overwhelmed by the hype & hope surrounding the enterprise. A variety of individuals, private companies, commercial firms and national space agencies are engrossed in efforts at landing & inhabiting Mars. However, these efforts are disjoint and there exists little or no coordination. The aspirations as also hazards are immense, the resources scarce & costly. Consequently, left ungoverned, the potential for conflict in space exploration is high. There exists a critical need to regulate and coordinate affairs in this area right now when the technologies and legislation are yet immature. This calls for a credible institutionalized governance structure. This paper proposes an expansion of the existing United Nations Office of Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA) to take on the mantle of space exploration governance and to continue with incremental progressions later.

During the last decade, there was a paradigm-shift in order to consider terrestrial planets within liquid-water habitable zones (LW-HZ) around M stars, as suitable places for the emergence and evolution of life. Here we analyze the influence of UV boundary conditions to three planetary systems around dM (HIP 74995, HIP 109388 and HIP 113020). We apply our model of UV habitable zone (UV-HZ) (Buccino et al. 2006) to these cases and show that during the quiescent UV output there would not be enough UV radiation within the LW-HZ in order to trigger biogenic processes. We also analyze the cases of two other M flare stars and show that the flares of moderate intensity could provide the necessary energy to trigger those biogenic processes, while the strong flares not necessary rule-out the possibility of life-bearing planets.

I review various aspects of the role neutrinos have played in shaping various cosmological observables: the nature of large scale structure, observed fluctuations in the CMB, the nature of matter, and the shape of things to come. (Invited review lecture III International Workshop on NO-VE, Venice, 2006)

The fundamental holographic principle is first proposed, then demonstrated in its validity and viability through a thought experiment and then finally derived. The Heisenberg uncertainty relations are shown to follow from this fundamental relation. The quantum blackhole entropy is then demonstrated using this holographic uncertainty relation along with the application of the Landauer’s principle for the thermodynamic erasure of a bit yielding a formula with a logarithmic correction. The blackhole entropy is found to be half the value normally delivered by any other method. So, it is proposed that there is a real relevant physical horizon at the twice the Schwarzschild radius dubbed the holographic information geometric horizon.

The application of physics to art history, art conservation and archaeology is currently a growing area of research. Astronomy and astrophysics have made significant contributions to imaging science which has in turn contributed to the developments of many other fields ranging from biological science to the study of art history, archaeology and art conservation. This paper will discuss how knowledge traditionally associated with astrophysics have made impact on the
study of cultural heritage. Examples will be drawn from recent research carried out in my research group.