Agroclimate

IT WILL WORK ANYWHERE TO TRANSFORM ALL AGRICULTURAL LANDS INTO ORGANIC VIA ALCHEMICAL TRANSMUTATION OF THE POISONOUS AG ADDITIVES FROM MONSANTO AND THE LIKE.  FUNNY ALL OF THE YEARS OF WORK THAT THEY HAVE DONE CAN BE CANCELED IN A FEW MONTHS VIA SPREADING THIS TECH WORLDWIDE.

For many generations, Caribbean smallholder farmers have used traditional knowledge to manage drought impacts. However, patterns of increased climate variability increasingly challenge traditional drought management practices, creating livelihood insecurities and uncertainties. Climate Information Services (CIS) have been promoted as an agile risk management strategy to help farmers negotiate challenges of increased climate extremes.  Yet, despite the promise and possibilities of CIS, there is limited evidence of CIS uptake and associated risk reduction across the Caribbean. A mixed-method research approach is used to assess the uptake of CIS among farmers (N=356), testing the association with selected drought impact outcomes in one of Jamaica’s breadbasket regions. The associations between drought impacts and farmer awareness, access, and use of four (4) locally available CIS are assessed. Results indicate limited farmer uptake of mobile text and online climate information products, with less than 5% of the sample having accessibility to online CIS. Farmers who are aware of, and use CIS, reported lower crop losses, less financial strain, and were more likely to reinvest immediately after drought events. These results provide empirical evidence of associations between farm-level use of CIS and drought risk management actions, which could be used to inform future drought management interventions.

Background
Urban malaria is considered to be one of the most significant infectious diseases due to varied
socioeconomic problems especially in tropical countries like India. Among the south Indian
cities, Chennai is endemic for malaria. The present study aimed to identify the hot spots of
malaria prevalence and the relationship with other factors in Chennai during 2005-2011.
Methods
Data on zone-wise and ward-wise monthly malaria positive cases were collected from the
Vector Control Office, Chennai Corporation, for the year 2005 to 2011 and verified using
field data. This data was used to calculate the prevalence among thousand people. Hotspot
analysis for all the years in the study period was done to observe the spatial trend.
Association of environmental factors like altitude, population density and climatic variables
was assessed using ArcGIS 9.3 version and SPSS 11.5. Pearson’s correlation of climate
parameters at 95% and 99% was considered to be the most significant. Social parameters of
the highly malaria prone region were evaluated through a structured random questionnaire
field survey.
Among the ten zones of Chennai Corporation, Basin Bridge zone showed high malaria
prevalence during the study period. The ‘hotspot’ analysis of malaria prevalence showed the
emergence of newer hotspots in the Adyar zone. These hotspots of high prevalence are places
of moderately populated and moderately elevated areas. The prevalence of malaria in
Chennai could be due to rainfall and temperature, as there is a significant correlation with
monthly rainfall and one month lag of monthly mean temperature. Further it has been
observed that the socioeconomic status of people in the malaria hotspot regions and
unhygienic living conditions were likely to aggravate the malaria problem.
Conclusion
Malaria hotspots will be the best method to use for targeting malaria control activities. Proper
awareness and periodical monitoring of malaria is one of the quintessential steps to control
this infectious disease. It has been argued that identifying the key environmental conditions
favourable for the occurrence and spread of malaria must be integrated and documented to
aid future predictions of malaria in Chennai.

The present article is aimed at study on agroclimatic conditions of cultivation of sunflower throughout selected
substations at Kurdistan Province by means of GIS system. In this investigation, meteorological data have been
received from synoptic stations based on daily, monthly, and annually trend from Iran Meteorological
Organization (IMO) at Kurdistan Province and then homogeneity of data has been explored by (Wald- Wolfowitz)
Run Test. Methodology of the research is of statistical descriptive type. Data analysis was carried out by means of
Growing Degree Day (GDD) technique and method of Deviation from Optimum Percentage (DOP) plus
phenology index as well as thermal potential within environment of statistical software (EXCEL and SPSS).
Under agroclimatic conditions, the results of this survey may indicate that the time period among July and
September is considered as active months in terms of agriculture based on thermal potential  in this region. The
early days of May are the best calendar for cultivation of sunflower month in all the aforesaid substations. Time of
harvesting sunflower crop is middle August for Divandareh, Dehgolan, and Saghez substations while this time is
early September for Baneh substation. With respect to the phenological method, dates of cultivation until
budding, flowering, and the end of flowering stage and maturation start respectively sooner in Dehgolan
substation than other substations in this region.

The agro climatic classification is nothing but an extension of the climatic classification keeping in view the suitability to agriculture. The suitability of climate for each crop is different. Because each crop has diverse biological and bioclimatic characteristic. Hence based on climatic and soil factors it is necessary to demark suitable region for crops. The rainfall is most influencing factor on vegetation types and temperature. Therefore it"s controlling on selection of crops, sowing period, germination, growth, maturity and harvesting time of crops. The rainfall, temperature, soil types, vegetation cover, altitude, availability of moisture, length of growing period and evapotranspiration are the major common determinants in agro-climatic classification. This study focused on to demark the agro-climatic zones of Marathwada. The data of climatic variables is used from 1980 to2016. In the present classification rainfall, mean temp. MoistureIndex and soil type"s parameters are used.All are converted in to raster and vector format and are superimposed on each other and agro-climatic regions have demarked and three major zones are observed.

The present article is aimed at study on agroclimatic conditions of cultivation of sunflower throughout selected substations at Kurdistan Province by means of GIS system. In this investigation, meteorological data have been received from synoptic stations based on daily, monthly, and annually trend from Iran Meteorological Organization (IMO) at Kurdistan Province and then homogeneity of data has been explored by (Wald- Wolfowitz) Run Test. Methodology of the research is of statistical descriptive type. Data analysis was carried out by means of Growing Degree Day (GDD) technique and method of Deviation from Optimum Percentage (DOP) plus phenology index as well as thermal potential within environment of statistical software (EXCEL and SPSS). Under agroclimatic conditions, the results of this survey may indicate that the time period among July and September is considered as active months in terms of agriculture based on thermal potential in this region. The early days of May are the be...