| dbo:abstract
|
- En el campo del diseño automovilístico, un vehículo con una configuración de motor trasero central y tracción trasera (TCT) es aquel en el que el motor, que impulsa las ruedas traseras, está situado justo por delante del eje trasero y por detrás del habitáculo. (es)
- In automotive design, an RMR, or rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout is one in which the rear wheels are driven by an engine placed with its center of gravty in front of the rear axle, and thus right behind the passenger compartment. Nowadays more frequently called 'RMR', to acknowledge that certain sporty or performance focused front-engined cars are also "mid-engined", by having the main engine mass behind the front axle, RMR layout cars were previously (until ca. the 1990) just called MR, or mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout), because the nuance between distinctly front-engined vs. front mid-engined cars often remained undiscussed. In contrast to the fully rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, the center of mass of the engine is in front of the rear axle. This layout is typically chosen for its favorable weight distribution. Placing the car's heaviest component within the wheelbase minimizes its rotational inertia around the vertical axis, facilitating turn-in or yaw angle. Also, a near 50/50% weight distribution, with a slight rear weight bias, gives a very favorable balance, with plenty of weight on the driven rear axle under acceleration, while distributing the weight fairly evenly under braking, thereby making optimal use of all four wheels to decelerate the car rapidly as well. The RMR layout generally has a lower tendency to understeer. However, since there is less weight over the front wheels, under acceleration the front of the car can be prone to lift and still have understeer. Most rear-engine layouts have historically been used in smaller vehicles, because the weight of the engine at the rear has an adverse effect on a larger car's handling, making it 'tail-heavy', although this effect is more pronounced with engines mounted behind the rear axle. It is felt that the low polar inertia is crucial in selection of this layout. The mid-engined layout also uses up central space, making it generally only practical for single seating-row sports-cars, with exception to a handful of 2+2 designs. Additionally, some microtrucks use this layout, with a small, low engine beneath a flat load floor above the rear wheel-wells. This makes it possible to move the cab right to the front of the vehicle, thus increasing the loading area at the expense of slightly reduced load depth. In modern racing cars, RMR is the usual configuration and is usually synonymous with "mid-engine". Due to its weight distribution and resulting in favorable vehicle dynamics, this layout is heavily employed in open-wheel Formula racing cars (such as Formula One and IndyCar) as well as purpose-built sports racing cars. This configuration was also common in very small engined 1950s microcars, in which the engines did not take up much space. Because of successes in racing, the RMR platform has been popular for road-going sports cars despite the inherent challenges of design, maintenance and lack of cargo space. The similar mid-engine, four-wheel-drive layout gives many of the same advantages and is used when extra traction is desired, such as in some supercars and in the Group B rally cars. (en)
- 中置引擎，後輪驅動佈局（英語：mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout，縮寫為MR），簡稱中置後驅，意指引擎重心落在車身四個車輪之間，由後輪驅動整輛汽車的方式。 由於前後車輪承載的重量分配是50：50，在高速過彎時方向力矩較小，所以擁有較好的操控性能，轉向非常敏銳。但其缺點是由於採後輪驅動，一旦高速過彎時後輪產生側滑，會發生轉向過度，且過於敏銳的轉向會讓車身發生失控。 通常中置後驅的佈局方式有兩種：第一種是把引擎放在駕駛者前面，而變速箱則延伸至駕駛艙內，譬如凌志LFA。這種方式常使人誤解成前置後驅，不過從車重分配50：50可以證明是中置引擎，一般稱為「前中置後驅」。第二種是把引擎放置於駕駛者和後軸之間，亦可以得到50：50的車重分配，這樣稱之為「後中置後驅」，代表車款有所有的方程式賽車與絕大部分的超級跑車，而新世紀的純種跑車亦多為此佈局。 這兩種方式的差別在於，前中置的引擎呈縱向，輸出動力時需要轉一個九十度的彎，且長傳動軸會損耗一些動力能量。另外因遷就於50：50車重比例，駕駛艙必須往後靠，故引擎蓋須加長。後中置的車則因引擎位置犧牲後車廂空間，所以主要以強調駕駛樂趣的跑車為主。 而早期六十年代後中置局部的藍寶堅尼或愛快汽車超跑出現時，比起當時未量產的前中置來說，給較多的車迷喜歡外觀平衡的美感和駕駛較佳的視野，這個也做一般人眼中超跑就應當是這樣的刻板印象。 (zh)
|
| rdfs:comment
|
- En el campo del diseño automovilístico, un vehículo con una configuración de motor trasero central y tracción trasera (TCT) es aquel en el que el motor, que impulsa las ruedas traseras, está situado justo por delante del eje trasero y por detrás del habitáculo. (es)
- 中置引擎，後輪驅動佈局（英語：mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout，縮寫為MR），簡稱中置後驅，意指引擎重心落在車身四個車輪之間，由後輪驅動整輛汽車的方式。 由於前後車輪承載的重量分配是50：50，在高速過彎時方向力矩較小，所以擁有較好的操控性能，轉向非常敏銳。但其缺點是由於採後輪驅動，一旦高速過彎時後輪產生側滑，會發生轉向過度，且過於敏銳的轉向會讓車身發生失控。 通常中置後驅的佈局方式有兩種：第一種是把引擎放在駕駛者前面，而變速箱則延伸至駕駛艙內，譬如凌志LFA。這種方式常使人誤解成前置後驅，不過從車重分配50：50可以證明是中置引擎，一般稱為「前中置後驅」。第二種是把引擎放置於駕駛者和後軸之間，亦可以得到50：50的車重分配，這樣稱之為「後中置後驅」，代表車款有所有的方程式賽車與絕大部分的超級跑車，而新世紀的純種跑車亦多為此佈局。 這兩種方式的差別在於，前中置的引擎呈縱向，輸出動力時需要轉一個九十度的彎，且長傳動軸會損耗一些動力能量。另外因遷就於50：50車重比例，駕駛艙必須往後靠，故引擎蓋須加長。後中置的車則因引擎位置犧牲後車廂空間，所以主要以強調駕駛樂趣的跑車為主。 而早期六十年代後中置局部的藍寶堅尼或愛快汽車超跑出現時，比起當時未量產的前中置來說，給較多的車迷喜歡外觀平衡的美感和駕駛較佳的視野，這個也做一般人眼中超跑就應當是這樣的刻板印象。 (zh)
- In automotive design, an RMR, or rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout is one in which the rear wheels are driven by an engine placed with its center of gravty in front of the rear axle, and thus right behind the passenger compartment. Nowadays more frequently called 'RMR', to acknowledge that certain sporty or performance focused front-engined cars are also "mid-engined", by having the main engine mass behind the front axle, RMR layout cars were previously (until ca. the 1990) just called MR, or mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout), because the nuance between distinctly front-engined vs. front mid-engined cars often remained undiscussed. (en)
|
_(8391188320).jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
_(cropped).jpg){kind=link}
