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Dynamically consistent discrete Lotka-Volterra competition systems. (English) Zbl 1264.39006

The authors consider the difference equation competition system
\(x_{t+1}=x_{t}\dfrac{1+\phi _{1}(r_{1}\theta _{1}+\theta _{11}a_{11}x_{t}+\theta _{12}a_{12}y_{t})+\phi _{1}r_{1}}{1+\phi _{1}(r_{1}\theta _{1}+\theta _{11}a_{11}x_{t}+\theta _{12}a_{12}y_{t})+\phi _{1}(a_{11}x_{t}+a_{12}y_{t})},\)
\(y_{t+1}=y_{t}\dfrac{1+\phi _{2}(r_{2}\theta _{2}+\theta _{21}a_{21}x_{t}+\theta _{22}a_{22}y_{t})+\phi _{2}r_{2}}{1+\phi _{2}(r_{2}\theta _{2}+\theta _{21}a_{21}x_{t}+\theta _{22}a_{22}y_{t})+\phi _{2}(a_{21}x_{t}+a_{22}y_{t})}\),
where \(t=0,1,2,\dots,\) \(\phi _{i}>0\), \(\theta _{i}\geq 0\), \(\theta _{ij}\geq 0\), \(r_{i}>0\) and \(a_{ij}>0\) for all \(i,j=1,2\). This 2D map is derived using a non-standard finite difference method from the continuous time Lotka-Volterra competition system \(x^{\prime }=x(r_{1}-a_{11}x-a_{12}y)\), \(y^{\prime }=y(r_{2}-a_{21}x-a_{22}y)\). Then, under the condition that \(\theta _{11}\geq \theta _{12}\) and \(\theta _{22}\geq \theta _{21}\), the dynamics of the discrete system are almost the same as of the continuous system. The difference equations are dynamically consistent with their continuous counterparts. The positivity of solutions, monotonicity of solutions and stability conditions of equilibria are all preserved.

MSC:

39A12 Discrete version of topics in analysis
65L12 Finite difference and finite volume methods for ordinary differential equations
34A45 Theoretical approximation of solutions to ordinary differential equations
39A22 Growth, boundedness, comparison of solutions to difference equations
39A20 Multiplicative and other generalized difference equations
39A30 Stability theory for difference equations
92D25 Population dynamics (general)
Full Text: DOI

References:

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[7] Wu Roeger L.-I., J. Differ. Equ. Appl.
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