A system of functional differential equations is proposed to describe the dynamics of a single-species population distributed over a patchy environment. Of major concern is the impact of the interaction between local aggregation and global delayed competition on the dynamics and the spatial-temporal patterns of the considered system. It is shown that the spatially heterogeneous steady state solutions can bifurcate from a spatially homogeneous steady state solution if the dispersion rate is large. Moreover, Hopf bifurcation of periodic solutions including phase-locked oscillations and synchronous oscillations can occur when the time delay in the global intraspecies competition reaches a critical value. Examples are provided to exhibit the complexity of the dynamics and the co-existence of phase-locked oscillations and heterogeneous steady state solutions.