and how urban policy-makers should turn their city into the perfect place for creativity, innovat... more and how urban policy-makers should turn their city into the perfect place for creativity, innovation and therewith economic success. Montgomery is convinced that cities can only be economically successful in the coming decades if they provide ample space and opportunities for creative and innovative companies and people. He appreciates Richard Florida for his contribution to raising the political awareness of the creative economy, but is (for good reasons) critical about the statistical evidence upon which he builds his argument, and the extent to which the correlations that Florida finds can be interpreted as causal relations. Still, criticising Florida is easy, but the ‘counterevidence’ of Montgomery is hardly more convincing. He only presents facts and fi gures on the development of the creative industries in one city, London. The other case studies he presents throughout the book are either only descriptive or based on his experiences as policy-maker and consultant. Montgomery seems to be much more appreciative of the work of Charles Landry. This should not come as a surprise since he worked for Landry’s Comedia for some years and then founded Urban Cultures Ltd as an offspring. The extensive presentation of some of the cases in which the author or his company was involved (Manchester’s cultural strategy, various reports on the ‘evening economy’ of British cities, London’s creative industries, Temple Bar in Dublin) sometimes gives the book a product catalogue feel. This makes the reader wonder what the true goal of Montgomery’s book is: a contribution to the academic debate, a policy advice on how to build more creative cities, or an exhibit of the author’s extensive knowledge and experience? The book results in a proposed policy agenda for achieving urbanity in cities as a whole (12 conditions and 25 principles on pp. 279–291) and for developing creative milieus (9 policy programmes on pp. 346–358). This policy agenda mainly calls for a compact, diverse, lively city on a ‘human scale’, in which people of varying backgrounds meet each other and feel at home. While this policy agenda will probably meet broad consensus among present-day urban and regional planners, Montgomery’s pleas for ‘café culture’ and arts-led urban regeneration deserve a more critical academic and political debate. Many policy-makers have recently embraced the creation of cultural or creative quarters as the way to revive their cities and attract or retain the ‘creative class’. Montgomery shows us some cases where such a policy worked and there are many more of such cases. However, it does not work everywhere and it does not appeal to everyone. Not all urban-dwellers are creative or want to live among creative people; and not all creative people want to live in ‘creative milieus’. Montgomery’s vision of the 21stcentury city probably only applies to a limited number of economically successful cities and an even more limited number of less successful cities with the potential to become successful in the creative economy. And even within those cities, a signifi cant part of the population is not and will probably never become directly or indirectly involved in the creative economy. Many other cities will not or will hardly be able to get their fair share of creative growth. Large parts of the world with fast-growing cities are only briefl y referred to or not addressed at all: what will happen to Chinese, Indian, African or Latin-American metropolises? Montgomery presents his book as a comprehensive inventory of historical, contemporary and future urban and economic development, but we should rather see his book as his personal vision of a possible and desirable future urban world.
When families with Section 8 housing vouchers move from inner-city communities to the suburbs, ar... more When families with Section 8 housing vouchers move from inner-city communities to the suburbs, are they more likely to perceive difficulties and to be dissatisfied with their search for housing than families who make local moves or families who first move to the suburbs but then return to the central city? Both bivariate cross-tabular and logistic regression analysis are applied to a telephone interview sample of 300 Section 8 voucher recipients in Oakland and Berkeley, California. Although many of the movers experienced difficulty in carrying out the housing search, a vast majority were satisfied with their search. Suburban-bound movers were not more likely to perceive difficulties or to be dissatisfied with their search than were members of the two other mover groups when other background characteristics were controlled. The implications of these results for the Section 8 housing voucher program are discussed.
... Chapter 13 280 The Megaregion and the Future of American Planning Catherine L. Ross and Jessi... more ... Chapter 13 280 The Megaregion and the Future of American Planning Catherine L. Ross and Jessica ... the right size and scale to be the true, natural business units in today's global economy. ... My own research with Tim Gulden of the University of Maryland used satel-lite images ...
Navigating Ethnicity: Segregation, Placemaking, and Difference Emily Skop, Pablo Bose, Jason Hack... more Navigating Ethnicity: Segregation, Placemaking, and Difference Emily Skop, Pablo Bose, Jason Hackworth & David H. Kaplan To cite this article: Emily Skop, Pablo Bose, Jason Hackworth & David H. Kaplan (2019) Navigating Ethnicity: Segregation, Placemaking, and Difference, The AAG Review of Books, 7:1, 68-76, DOI: 10.1080/2325548X.2019.1546037 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/2325548X.2019.1546037
This chapter represents an extension of our analysis of the causes and characteristics of the rac... more This chapter represents an extension of our analysis of the causes and characteristics of the racial transition process in middle class communities. In previous chapters, we have examined the determinants of mobility among white residents in this type of community; that is, the relative importance of different demographic, housing and attitudinal characteristics (e.g., racial prejudice) in explaining variations in moving plans and actual mobility behavior. This chapter examines residential mobility from another perspective: the reasons for moving provided by the residents themselves. We focus on three stages of the mobility process: (1) the decision to move from the former residence; (2) the search for a new home; and (3) the actual choice of where to move.
Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 2012
Since the start of the Great Recession of 2008, millions of American families have losttheir home... more Since the start of the Great Recession of 2008, millions of American families have losttheir homes, more than 150 banks have failed, and the global credit freeze has led someanalysts to blame ‘‘these economic crises on policies that promoted homeownership ratherthan on the wildly irresponsible financial schemes promoted by Wall Street’’ (p.1). Thecontinuing crisis raises the question: Is the dream of homeownership over for America’sworking families? No. The dream is still alive, says Roberto G Quercia, Allison Freeman,and Janneke Ratcliffe in their new book, Regaining the Dream. If the working poor areprovided with quality affordable loans, they can successfully make the transition fromrenters to homeowners.Regaining the Dream is an evaluation of ‘‘the largest homeownership demonstration inthe United States—the Community Advantage Program (CAP)’’ (p.ix). This project guar-antees the sale of $2 billion worth of nonconforming mortgages to Fannie Mae (a leadingagency in America’s secondary housing market) thereby enlarging homeownership oppor-tunities for low-income and minority families. (Non-conforming mortgages do not meetFannie Mae underwriting guidelines such as credit quality or loan-to-value ratio). Querciaet al. seek to answer two questions: First, do low-income and minority families benefit fromhomeownership? Second, does a homeownership program for low-income and minorityfamilies, like CAP, expose these people to undue stress and risk? Starting in 1999, theUniversity of North Carolina’s Center for Community Capital (Chapel Hill) tracked theperformance of each of the 46,000 affordable home loans involved in the demonstration andinterviewedmorethan2,000ofthehomeownerseveryyearovera6 yearperiod,2003–2009.The CAP demonstration was a success. CAP families experienced a median equityincrease of $23,000 during the recession. Borrowers also proved to be good credit risks:the default rate for CAP borrowers was less than half that of subprime borrowers, 8 versus18%. And, in contrast to expectations, CAP owners were not more likely to exhibit
and how urban policy-makers should turn their city into the perfect place for creativity, innovat... more and how urban policy-makers should turn their city into the perfect place for creativity, innovation and therewith economic success. Montgomery is convinced that cities can only be economically successful in the coming decades if they provide ample space and opportunities for creative and innovative companies and people. He appreciates Richard Florida for his contribution to raising the political awareness of the creative economy, but is (for good reasons) critical about the statistical evidence upon which he builds his argument, and the extent to which the correlations that Florida finds can be interpreted as causal relations. Still, criticising Florida is easy, but the ‘counterevidence’ of Montgomery is hardly more convincing. He only presents facts and fi gures on the development of the creative industries in one city, London. The other case studies he presents throughout the book are either only descriptive or based on his experiences as policy-maker and consultant. Montgomery seems to be much more appreciative of the work of Charles Landry. This should not come as a surprise since he worked for Landry’s Comedia for some years and then founded Urban Cultures Ltd as an offspring. The extensive presentation of some of the cases in which the author or his company was involved (Manchester’s cultural strategy, various reports on the ‘evening economy’ of British cities, London’s creative industries, Temple Bar in Dublin) sometimes gives the book a product catalogue feel. This makes the reader wonder what the true goal of Montgomery’s book is: a contribution to the academic debate, a policy advice on how to build more creative cities, or an exhibit of the author’s extensive knowledge and experience? The book results in a proposed policy agenda for achieving urbanity in cities as a whole (12 conditions and 25 principles on pp. 279–291) and for developing creative milieus (9 policy programmes on pp. 346–358). This policy agenda mainly calls for a compact, diverse, lively city on a ‘human scale’, in which people of varying backgrounds meet each other and feel at home. While this policy agenda will probably meet broad consensus among present-day urban and regional planners, Montgomery’s pleas for ‘café culture’ and arts-led urban regeneration deserve a more critical academic and political debate. Many policy-makers have recently embraced the creation of cultural or creative quarters as the way to revive their cities and attract or retain the ‘creative class’. Montgomery shows us some cases where such a policy worked and there are many more of such cases. However, it does not work everywhere and it does not appeal to everyone. Not all urban-dwellers are creative or want to live among creative people; and not all creative people want to live in ‘creative milieus’. Montgomery’s vision of the 21stcentury city probably only applies to a limited number of economically successful cities and an even more limited number of less successful cities with the potential to become successful in the creative economy. And even within those cities, a signifi cant part of the population is not and will probably never become directly or indirectly involved in the creative economy. Many other cities will not or will hardly be able to get their fair share of creative growth. Large parts of the world with fast-growing cities are only briefl y referred to or not addressed at all: what will happen to Chinese, Indian, African or Latin-American metropolises? Montgomery presents his book as a comprehensive inventory of historical, contemporary and future urban and economic development, but we should rather see his book as his personal vision of a possible and desirable future urban world.
When families with Section 8 housing vouchers move from inner-city communities to the suburbs, ar... more When families with Section 8 housing vouchers move from inner-city communities to the suburbs, are they more likely to perceive difficulties and to be dissatisfied with their search for housing than families who make local moves or families who first move to the suburbs but then return to the central city? Both bivariate cross-tabular and logistic regression analysis are applied to a telephone interview sample of 300 Section 8 voucher recipients in Oakland and Berkeley, California. Although many of the movers experienced difficulty in carrying out the housing search, a vast majority were satisfied with their search. Suburban-bound movers were not more likely to perceive difficulties or to be dissatisfied with their search than were members of the two other mover groups when other background characteristics were controlled. The implications of these results for the Section 8 housing voucher program are discussed.
... Chapter 13 280 The Megaregion and the Future of American Planning Catherine L. Ross and Jessi... more ... Chapter 13 280 The Megaregion and the Future of American Planning Catherine L. Ross and Jessica ... the right size and scale to be the true, natural business units in today's global economy. ... My own research with Tim Gulden of the University of Maryland used satel-lite images ...
Navigating Ethnicity: Segregation, Placemaking, and Difference Emily Skop, Pablo Bose, Jason Hack... more Navigating Ethnicity: Segregation, Placemaking, and Difference Emily Skop, Pablo Bose, Jason Hackworth & David H. Kaplan To cite this article: Emily Skop, Pablo Bose, Jason Hackworth & David H. Kaplan (2019) Navigating Ethnicity: Segregation, Placemaking, and Difference, The AAG Review of Books, 7:1, 68-76, DOI: 10.1080/2325548X.2019.1546037 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/2325548X.2019.1546037
This chapter represents an extension of our analysis of the causes and characteristics of the rac... more This chapter represents an extension of our analysis of the causes and characteristics of the racial transition process in middle class communities. In previous chapters, we have examined the determinants of mobility among white residents in this type of community; that is, the relative importance of different demographic, housing and attitudinal characteristics (e.g., racial prejudice) in explaining variations in moving plans and actual mobility behavior. This chapter examines residential mobility from another perspective: the reasons for moving provided by the residents themselves. We focus on three stages of the mobility process: (1) the decision to move from the former residence; (2) the search for a new home; and (3) the actual choice of where to move.
Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 2012
Since the start of the Great Recession of 2008, millions of American families have losttheir home... more Since the start of the Great Recession of 2008, millions of American families have losttheir homes, more than 150 banks have failed, and the global credit freeze has led someanalysts to blame ‘‘these economic crises on policies that promoted homeownership ratherthan on the wildly irresponsible financial schemes promoted by Wall Street’’ (p.1). Thecontinuing crisis raises the question: Is the dream of homeownership over for America’sworking families? No. The dream is still alive, says Roberto G Quercia, Allison Freeman,and Janneke Ratcliffe in their new book, Regaining the Dream. If the working poor areprovided with quality affordable loans, they can successfully make the transition fromrenters to homeowners.Regaining the Dream is an evaluation of ‘‘the largest homeownership demonstration inthe United States—the Community Advantage Program (CAP)’’ (p.ix). This project guar-antees the sale of $2 billion worth of nonconforming mortgages to Fannie Mae (a leadingagency in America’s secondary housing market) thereby enlarging homeownership oppor-tunities for low-income and minority families. (Non-conforming mortgages do not meetFannie Mae underwriting guidelines such as credit quality or loan-to-value ratio). Querciaet al. seek to answer two questions: First, do low-income and minority families benefit fromhomeownership? Second, does a homeownership program for low-income and minorityfamilies, like CAP, expose these people to undue stress and risk? Starting in 1999, theUniversity of North Carolina’s Center for Community Capital (Chapel Hill) tracked theperformance of each of the 46,000 affordable home loans involved in the demonstration andinterviewedmorethan2,000ofthehomeownerseveryyearovera6 yearperiod,2003–2009.The CAP demonstration was a success. CAP families experienced a median equityincrease of $23,000 during the recession. Borrowers also proved to be good credit risks:the default rate for CAP borrowers was less than half that of subprime borrowers, 8 versus18%. And, in contrast to expectations, CAP owners were not more likely to exhibit
Through a review of the recent American community development literature, this paper tests
the a... more Through a review of the recent American community development literature, this paper tests
the assertion that British community enterprises (CEs) are fundamentally similar to American
community development corporations (CDCs), and therefore, that CEs can learn from CDCs.
In the context of the current austerity regimes, CEs and community entrepreneurship are
increasingly considered as a means to continue small-scale urban regeneration, not only in
the UK but also in several other European countries. While the CDC sector has achieved a
relatively successful record in affordable housing production in distressed areas, CDCs are
fundamentally limited in terms of reversing the processes of community decline. Our
comparison of CDCs and CEs reveals similarities, but also differences with regard to
organizational characteristics, co-operation on multiple scales, comprehensiveness, targeting
and community participation. Apart from outlining lessons that CEs can learn from CDS, we
provide recommendations for further research that should cover the lack of empirical
evidence in this field.
The Routledge Handbook of Housing Policy and Planning provides a comprehensive multidisciplinary ... more The Routledge Handbook of Housing Policy and Planning provides a comprehensive multidisciplinary overview of contemporary trends in housing studies, housing policies, planning for housing, and housing innovations in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Continental Europe. In 29 chapters, international scholars discuss aspects pertaining to the right to housing, inequality, homeownership, rental housing, social housing, senior housing, gentrification, cities and suburbs, and the future of housing policies. This book is essential reading for students, policy analysts, policymakers, practitioners, and activists, as well as others interested in housing policy and planning.
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the assertion that British community enterprises (CEs) are fundamentally similar to American
community development corporations (CDCs), and therefore, that CEs can learn from CDCs.
In the context of the current austerity regimes, CEs and community entrepreneurship are
increasingly considered as a means to continue small-scale urban regeneration, not only in
the UK but also in several other European countries. While the CDC sector has achieved a
relatively successful record in affordable housing production in distressed areas, CDCs are
fundamentally limited in terms of reversing the processes of community decline. Our
comparison of CDCs and CEs reveals similarities, but also differences with regard to
organizational characteristics, co-operation on multiple scales, comprehensiveness, targeting
and community participation. Apart from outlining lessons that CEs can learn from CDS, we
provide recommendations for further research that should cover the lack of empirical
evidence in this field.