Portal:Peru

Coropuna is a dormant compound volcano located in the Andes mountains of southeast-central Peru. The upper reaches of Coropuna consist of several perennially snowbound conical summits, lending it the name Nevado Coropuna in Spanish. The complex extends over an area of 240 square kilometres (93 sq mi) and its highest summit reaches an altitude of 6,377 metres (20,922 ft) above sea level. This makes the Coropuna complex the third-highest of Peru. Its thick ice cap is the most extensive in Earth's tropical zone, with several outlet glaciers stretching out to lower altitudes. Below an elevation of 5,000 metres (16,000 ft), there are various vegetation belts which include trees, peat bogs, grasses and also agricultural areas and pastures.

The Coropuna complex consists of several stratovolcanoes. These are composed chiefly of ignimbrites and lava flows on a basement formed by Middle Miocene ignimbrites and lava flows. The Coropuna complex has been active for at least five million years, with the bulk of the current cone having been formed during the Quaternary. Coropuna has had two or three Holocene eruptions 2,100 ± 200 and either 1,100 ± 100 or 700 ± 200 years ago which generated lava flows, plus an additional eruption which may have taken place some 6,000 years ago. Current activity occurs exclusively in the form of hot springs. (Full article...)

Amantaní is an island on the Peruvian side of Lake Titicaca. According to a 1988 census, it has a population of 3,663 Quechua speakers divided among about 800 families. The island is circular and about 9.28 km² in size. It has two mountain peaks, Pachatata (Father Earth) and Pachamama (Mother Earth), with ancient Inca and Tiwanaku ruins on top of both. The hillsides, are terraced mostly worked by hand and planted with wheat, quinoa, potatoes, and other vegetables. Livestock, including alpacas, also graze the slopes. (more...)

The Battle of Arica, also known as Assault and capture of Arica Cape, is a belic action of the War of the Pacific. It was fought on June 7, 1880, between forces of Chile and Peru.

After the Battle of Tacna, and the following Bolivian retirement of the war, Peru had to stand alone for the rest of the conflict. The need of a port near to the location of the army, in order to supply and reinforce the troops and the evacuation of the wounded, made the Chilean command to put its attention on the remaining Peruvian stronghold in the Tacna Department. Thus, a fraction of the Chilean army, led by Colonel Pedro Lagos, launched a simultaneous assault from both sides, taking the defenses on a bayonet charge, and captured the Morro de Arica (English: Arica Cape) from the defending Peruvian troops under the command of Colonel Francisco Bolognesi in a last attack up the hill. In this fight the Peruvian Commander died along with several officers and more than 1.000 men. (more...)

• October  2, 1996 - Flight Aeroperú 603 crashes off the coast of Lima killing all crew members and passengers on board.

• October  5, 1885 - Medical student Daniel Alcides Carrión dies of self-inflicted Carrion's disease in an experiment to cure the disease.

• October  8, 1879 - Naval officer Miguel Grau was killed in the Naval Battle of Angamos during the War of the Pacific with Chile.

• October 22, 1570 - Viceroy Francisco de Toledo started a five-year visit of the Viceroyalty of Peru during which he implemented far-reaching reforms.

• October 28, 1975 - At the South American Championship the national football team wins its second Copa América.

Map of the disputed territories from 1916 onwards

The Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute was a territorial dispute between Ecuador and Peru, which, until 1928, also included Colombia. The dispute had its origins on each country's interpretation of what Real Cedulas Spain used to precisely define its colonial territories in the Americas. After independence, all of Spain's colonial territories signed and agreed to proclaim their limits in the basis of the principle of uti possidetis juris, which regarded the Spanish borders of 1810 as the borders of the new republics. However, conflicting claims and disagreements between the newly formed countries eventually escalated to the point of armed conflicts on several occasions.

The dispute de jure had come to an end in the aftermath of the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War with the signing of the Rio de Janeiro Protocol on January 29, 1942. However, this treaty was also questioned, and the two countries went to war on two more occasions: the Paquisha War in 1981, and the Cenepa War in 1995. Tensions subsided but persisted over the next three years. On October 26, 1998, Ecuador and Peru signed a comprehensive peace accord that established a framework for ending a border dispute. Formal demarcation of border regions started on May 13, 1999. The agreement was ratified without opposition by the congresses of both nations, finally bringing a definitive end to the dispute. (Full article...)

• ... that Marcelino Gutiérrez was the only one of his brothers, who together led a rebellion against the president of Peru, to survive a subsequent riot?
• ... that the decisive participation of a Peruvian cavalry unit in the Battle of Junín led Simón Bolívar to rename them the Hussars of Junín?
• ... that Juan José Cabezudo was an openly gay chef and street-food seller in 19th-century Lima?
• ... that the white-tailed jay found in Ecuador and Peru was once thought to have been brought to Mexico by pre-Columbian trade?
• ... that sisters Talia and Tori DellaPeruta, college teammates at North Carolina, play soccer professionally for Sampdoria?
• ... that Naikilah Perusahaan Minang is the oldest operating autobus company in Indonesia?
• ... that Luz del Carmen Ibáñez Carranza was Abimael Guzmán's prosecutor before being elected the first Peruvian judge of the International Criminal Court?
• ...that the Locumba uprising was thought by many to be a cover for the escape of Vladimiro Montesinos, Peru's de facto leader from 1990 to 2000?

• ...that the Estadio Monumental "U" (pictured), home ground of the Universitario de Deportes football club, is the largest in Peru?
• ...that the indecisive outcome of the Cenepa War paved the way for a definitive peace agreement between Ecuador and Peru?
• ...that the access to electricity in Peru increased from 45% in 1990 to 79% in 2006 after the privatization reforms of the early 1990s?
• ...that the Inca Empire, centered in the city of Cusco, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America?
• ...that the Grupo Colina death squad executed nine students and a professor from La Cantuta University in the 1992 La Cantuta Massacre?

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