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Legislative history
[edit]United States Army
[edit]The following list of Congressional legislation includes all acts of Congress pertaining to appointments to the grade of general in the United States Army.[1]
Each entry lists an act of Congress, its citation in the United States Statutes at Large, and a summary of the act's relevance.
1799–1945
[edit]Legislation | Citation | Summary |
---|---|---|
Act of June 22, 1775
[Instructions from the Continental Congress, 22 June 1775] |
None |
|
Act of March 3, 1799 | 1 Stat. 752 |
|
Act of July 25, 1866 | 14 Stat. 223 |
|
Act of July 15, 1870 | 16 Stat. 318 |
|
Act of March 3, 1885 | 23 Stat. 434 |
|
Act of June 1, 1888 | 25 Stat. 165 |
|
Act of May 18, 1917 | 40 Stat. 81 |
|
Act of October 6, 1917 | 40 Stat. 410 |
|
Act of September 3, 1919 | 41 Stat. 283 |
|
Act of June 4, 1920 | 41 Stat. 760 |
|
Act of February 23, 1929 | 45 Stat. 1255 |
|
Act of June 21, 1930 | 45 Stat. 793 |
|
Act of September 9, 1940
[Second Supplemental National Defense Appropriation Act of 1941] |
54 Stat. 875 |
|
Act of June 15, 1940
[Private Law 76-379] |
54 Stat. 1286 |
|
Joint Resolution of September 22, 1941 | 55 Stat. 728 |
|
Act of June 29, 1943 | 57 Stat. 149 |
|
Act of December 19, 1944 | 58 Stat. 802 |
|
Act of July 2, 1945
[Private Law 79-140] |
59 Stat. 741 |
|
1945–present
[edit]Legislation | Citation | Summary |
---|---|---|
Act of March 23, 1946 | 60 Stat. 59 |
|
Act of July 26, 1947
[National Security Act of 1947] |
61 Stat. 503 |
|
Act of August 7, 1947
[Officer Personnel Act of 1947] |
61 Stat. 886 61 Stat. 887 61 Stat. 888 |
|
Act of June 26, 1948 | 62 Stat. 1052 |
|
Act of June 29, 1948
[Army and Air Force Vitalization and Retirement Equalization Act of 1948] |
62 Stat. 1085 |
|
Act of August 10, 1949
[National Security Act Amendments of 1949] |
63 Stat. 578 |
|
Act of October 12, 1949
[Career Compensation Act of 1949] |
63 Stat. 806 |
|
Act of September 18, 1950 | 64 Stat. 853 |
|
Act of September 18, 1950
[Private Law 81-956] |
64 Stat. A224 |
|
Joint Resolution of January 2, 1951
[Private Law 81-1083] |
64 Stat. A271 |
|
Act of July 10, 1952
[Department of Defense Appropriations Act of 1952] |
66 Stat. 537 |
|
Act of March 15, 1953 | 67 Stat. 6 |
|
Act of May 5, 1954
[Officer Grade Limitation Act of 1954] |
68 Stat. 65 |
|
Act of July 19, 1954 | 68 Stat. 492 | Authorized promotion to general on the retired list or posthumously of any officer who, while a lieutenant general, was:
|
Act of May 20, 1958 | 72 Stat. 124 | Established pay grade O-10 for general. |
Act of March 22, 1961 | 75 Stat. 5 | Authorized reappointment of Dwight D. Eisenhower to grade of general of the Army with former date of rank. |
Joint Resolution of October 11, 1976 | 90 Stat. 2078 |
|
Act of October 4, 1986
[Goldwater–Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act of October 4, 1986] |
100 Stat. 992 |
|
Act of February 10, 1996
[National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996] |
110 Stat. 186 | ____ |
Act of January 28, 2008
[National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008] |
122 Stat. 3 | Assigned ex officio rank of general to the chief of the National Guard Bureau. |
Act of January 7, 2011
[Ike Skelton National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2011] |
124 Stat. 4137 | Authorized officers frocked to grade of lieutenant general or general to wear the insignia of that grade for up to 14 days before assuming position for which that grade is authorized. |
Act of December 31, 2011
[National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012] |
125 Stat. 1298 | Excluded the chief and vice chief of the National Guard Bureau from general and flag officer distribution limits. |
United States Marine Corps
[edit]Legislation | Citation | Summary |
---|---|---|
Act of March 21, 1945 | 59 Stat. 36 | Authorized one grade of general, and assigned such ex officio grade to commandant of the Marine Corps (Alexander A. Vandegrift). |
Joint Resolution of June 30, 1947
[Private Law 80-176] |
61 Stat. 978 | Authorized posthumous promotion of Roy S. Geiger to general. |
United States Air Force
[edit]Legislation | Citation | Summary |
---|---|---|
Act of June 26, 1948 | 62 Stat. 1052 | Authorized permanent appointment to grade of general one officer who served in temporary grade of general from March 29, 1945 to June 26, 1948, and commanded the United States Army Strategic Air Force, European Theater of Operations, from January 1, 1944, to March 1, 1946 (???). |
Act of May 7, 1949 | 63 Stat. 65 | Authorized one grade of general of the Air Force, and redesignated any officer transferred in grade of general of the Army from the Regular Army to the U.S. Air Force to that grade (Henry H. Arnold). |
Coast Guard
[edit]Legislation | Citation | Summary |
---|---|---|
Act of March 21, 1945 | 59 Stat. 37 | Authorized one grade of admiral, and assigned such ex officio grade to commandant of the Coast Guard (Russell R. Waesche). |
For reference
[edit]Legislation | Citation | Summary |
---|---|---|
Act of May 28, 1798 | 1 Stat. 558 | Authorized one grade of lieutenant general (George Washington). |
Act of March 3, 1799 | 1 Stat. 752 | Terminated grade of lieutenant general upon the appointment of a "general of the armies of the United States." |
Joint Resolution No. 9 of February 15, 1855 | 10 Stat. 723 | Authorized grade of lieutenant general to be specially conferred once by brevet to acknowledge eminent services of a major general of the Army during the Mexican War (Winfield Scott). |
Act of August 3, 1861 | 12 Stat. 287 | Authorized the brevet lieutenant general to retire for disability at full pay. |
Act of February 29, 1864 | 13 Stat. 11 | Authorized one grade of lieutenant general (Ulysses S. Grant, William T. Sherman, Philip H. Sheridan). |
Act of July 15, 1870 | 16 Stat. 318 | Terminated grade of lieutenant general at next vacancy. |
Act of June 1, 1888 | 25 Stat. 165 | Terminated grade of lieutenant general and merged with grade of general (Philip H. Sheridan). |
Joint Resolution No. 9 of February 5, 1895 | 28 Stat. 968 | Authorized grade of lieutenant general to be specially conferred once to acknowledge distinguished services of a major general of the Army (John M. Schofield). |
Act of June 6, 1900 | 31 Stat. 655 | Assigned ex officio rank of lieutenant general to the senior major general of the line commanding the Army (Nelson A. Miles). |
Act of February 2, 1901 | 31 Stat. 748 | Authorized one grade of lieutenant general (Nelson A. Miles, Samuel B. M. Young, Adna R. Chaffee, Henry C. Corbin, John C. Bates, Arthur MacArthur Jr.). |
Act of March 2, 1907 | 34 Stat. 1160 | Terminated grade of lieutenant general at next vacancy, except on retired list. |
Act of March 4, 1915 | 38 Stat. 1191 | Authorized one-grade promotion upon retirement of any officer detailed for more than three years in Panama with the Isthmian Canal Commission, if not otherwise promoted by this Act (Edgar Jadwin). |
Act of October 6, 1917 | 40 Stat. 410 | Authorized emergency grade of lieutenant general for each commander of an army or army corps during the World War I emergency (Hunter Liggett, Robert L. Bullard). |
Act of June 4, 1920 | 41 Stat. 760 | Terminated all emergency grades. |
Act of June 21, 1930 | 45 Stat. 793 | Authorized promotion on the retired list to highest grade held during World War I (Hunter Liggett, Robert L. Bullard). |
Act of August 5, 1939 | 53 Stat. 1214 | Assigned ex officio rank of lieutenant general to major generals commanding the four armies of the United States. |
Act of July 31, 1940 | 54 Stat. 781 | Assigned ex officio rank of lieutenant general to major generals commanding the Panama Canal and Hawaiian Departments. |
Act of September 22, 1941 | 55 Stat. 728 | Authorized temporary general officer grades in the Army of the United States during the World War II emergency. |
Act of July 9, 1942 | 56 Stat. 655 | Authorized one-grade promotion on the retired list or posthumously of general officers who, for services rendered during World War I, were recommended in writing for promotion to increased rank not since received, and who also received the Medal of Honor, Distinguished Service Cross, or Distinguished Service Medal (James G. Harbord, William M. Wright). |
Act of June 29, 1943 | 57 Stat. 149 |
|
Act of July 26, 1947
[National Security Act of 1947] |
61 Stat. 503 |
|
Act of August 7, 1947
[Officer Personnel Act of 1947] |
61 Stat. 886 |
|
Act of June 24, 1948
[Private Law 80-394-A] |
62 Stat. 1393 | Authorized promotion of Leslie R. Groves to lieutenant general on the retired list, with retired pay of a major general and honorary date of rank as lieutenant general from July 16, 1945. |
Act of June 29, 1948
[Army and Air Force Vitalization and Retirement Equalization Act of 1948] |
62 Stat. 1085 | Authorized promotion on the retired list of Regular Army and Regular Air Force officers to the highest temporary grades in which they served satisfactorily for at least six months between September 6, 1940, and June 30, 1946 (Herbert J. Brees, George H. Brett, Ira C. Eaker, Harold L. George). |
Act of October 12, 1949
[Career Compensation Act of 1949] |
63 Stat. 806 | Established pay grade O-8 for general, lieutenant general, and major general. |
Joint Resolution of January 2, 1951
[Private Law 81-1083] |
64 Stat. A271 | Authorized posthumous promotion of Walton H. Walker to general. |
Act of May 5, 1954
[Officer Grade Limitation Act of 1954] |
68 Stat. 65 |
|
Act of July 19, 1954 | 68 Stat. 492 | Authorized promotion to general on the retired list or posthumously of any officer who, while a lieutenant general, was:
|
Act of August 7, 1956
[Private Law 84-892] |
70 Stat. A201 | Authorized promotion of Hanford MacNider to lieutenant general on the retired list. |
Act of May 20, 1958 | 72 Stat. 124 | Established pay grade O-9 for lieutenant general. |
Timelines
[edit]Three-star positions (2010 onwards)
[edit]Modified
[edit]Three-star positions (2010 onwards)
[edit]Unable to compile EasyTimeline input:
Timeline generation failed: 1 error found
Line 93: bar:start_armyhq from:2000 till:2026 color:category
- Plotdata attribute 'till' invalid.
Date '2026' not within range as specified by command Period.
Reflist
[edit]- ^ Legislative history compiled from: Wiener; Callan; Eicher and Eicher; Military Laws of the United States, 1915; Military Laws of the United States, 1939; the Army Register; and the Army Almanac.
- ^ Grade not established, lapsed upon death of George Washington, the intended recipient.
- ^ Promotion came into effect on March 13, 1978 with the signing of Orders 31-3 by President Gerald R. Ford.