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2020, Smart and Sustainable Built Environment
Attributable indicators for measuring the level of greenness of cities in developing countries: lessons from Ghana
An apposite framework for green cities development in developing countries: the case of Ghana2021 •
Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a framework to guide green cities development in developing countries. The study adapted and validated indicators that can be adopted, to predict, estimate, depict and measure green city development in developing countries. In using a covariance-based structural equation model (CBSEM), the study developed a framework for green cities development in developing countries using Kumasi city (Ghana) as a case study. Design/methodology/approach To test the proposed framework, a quantitative methodology was used, in which, data was collected using research questionnaires that targeted a sample of 200 green city experts. In total, 154 useable questionnaires were retrieved, representing a response rate of 77%. The confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were adopted in a CBSEM. Findings The indices reported were indicative that the model/framework is a good fit for the data. This points to the direction that the model for measuring green c...
Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology
Attributable indicators for measuring the level of greenness of cities in developing countries: lessons from GhanaPurpose The advances in green city growth are widely discussed in extant literature. The benefits of green cities to urban development in recent discussions of sustainability and sustainable development are well documented and cannot be overemphasised. Although a growing study on green building development in developing countries has been advanced in literature, there is a paucity of studies that explore green cities in developing countries. Moreover, evidence of studies that have focussed on green cities development in Ghana is lacking. Because of this identified knowledge gap, the purpose of this study is to establish the indicators/attributes for measuring the level of greenness of cities in developing countries. Design/methodology/approach A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify the indicators/attributes for measuring the level of greenness of cities in developing countries. This study has adopted the pragmatism as its undergirding research philosophy and the...
Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal
Applying The Concept Of Green Cities In Nigeria: Challenges And ProspectsGhana Journal of Geography
Towards sustainability: Overcoming the physical barriers to urban green spaces in Kumasi, Ghana2017 •
Conserving green spaces (parks, gardens, forest) in the physical landscape of cities is an action that has been identified as contributing to the sustainability of cities. However, to be able to conserve such spaces, some barriers need to be overcome, and this has not received much attention. This paper therefore provides measures to overcome the ‘physical’ barriers to urban green spaces in order to enhance the sustainability of such spaces in Ghana, using Kumasi as a case study. A qualitative research approach, 30 in-depth interviews, ten focus group discussions, archival data, and numerous observation sessions were utilized in the study. Kumasi city authorities, allied bodies on green spaces, opinion leaders, and residents of Kumasi constituted the study’s target population. It was discovered that conflicting ownership rights, encroachment, and poor maintenance are major physical barriers hampering the development of urban green spaces. To enhance the sustainability of urban green spaces, the study recommends that there should be the creation of additional parks and gardens, conversion of brownfield sites into green spaces, incorporation of quantitative standards into the provision of green spaces, and institutionalization of an award scheme on green spaces.
International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability
Urban Greenery a pathway to Environmental Sustainability in Sub Saharan Africa: A Case of Northern Nigeria CitiesThe Northern Region of Nigeria, which is located south of Africa biggest desert - the Sahara, is highly vulnerable to adverse impacts of climate change for some reasons. This paper attempts to review the variance between urban greenery, urban development and the quest for environmental sustainability. A critical review of relevant materials related to the study was carried out. The quantitative nature of the study was backed empirically. Findings from the study reveal that physical development plans for some urban areas have been very ad-hoc and loosely defined. Allocation of open green spaces is not in harmony with the urban population and it mostly characterized by a low percentage. Abuja master plan, for instance, has the highest allocation of 32.87%, while allocation in other master plans fall below 30% with Suleja master plan counts 2.5% only. Outdated master plan and the lack of will power from urban authority in plan implementation has often resulted in the distortion, encro...
PLANNING MALAYSIA
Comparing Environmental Management and Cities Sustainability as a Basis for Sustainable Development in NigeriaNigerians Over the last decade, there has been a greater awareness of the complex relationship that exists between the growth of cities and the state of the environment. However, much work remains to be done to improve the quality of cities' environmental conditions to achieve developmental goals. Like most developing countries, faces environmental management challenges such as waste management, water pollution, air quality, carbon emissions, conservation and preservation of nature, climate change, city transportation, housing development, park, and gardens. The evidence suggests that adequate measures have not been taken to balance development goals with the need to maintain environmental quality. This paper investigates the strategies associated with environmental management and the success of sustainable cities. The Likert scale was used in the study. The study also used simple regression and Chi-square goodness of fit to determine the relationship between the study variables...
The pace of urbanisation, especially with cities in the developing world, has negatively influenced green areas and, as a consequence, threatened the several benefits provided by vegetation cover. Green areas provide shade, evaporative cooling, rainwater interception, and storage and infiltration functions, with impervious built surfaces. Consequently, the ecosystem services provided by urban green spaces are often overlooked and undervalued. The study uses primary data, which were obtained, through a random and systematic sampling of Three Hundred and Forty Four respondents. Variables used in the analysis include socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, the types of urban green space, benefits of urban green space to the respondents as well as the management strategies involved. Data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. ANOVA result shows that there is significant variation in the types of urban greening with F- value of 4.920, 3.673, 4.822; and p- value of 0.001, 0.006 and 0.001 for road greening, residential greening and institutional greening respectively. Besides, the study reveals that most of the areas in the metropolis are more of concrete than open space with 41.8% covered up with 75% concrete, 18.4% with 50% coverage and 16.1% with100% coverage while14.3% was covered with 25% coverage and only 9.4% is less than 25% concrete coverage. The study therefore recommends the use of land development plan and the use of planning approval strategies among others, to ensure adequate room for urban green space in the metropolis.
Cities have become integral in the quest to achieving universal sustainable development. For example, the United Nations in 2015 as part of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals called for cities and human settlements to be inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable (Goal 11). This was in line with the 2012 National Urban Policy of Ghana which seeks to promote a sustainable, spatially integrated and orderly development of urban settlements with adequate housing, infrastructure and services, efficient institutions, and a sound living and working environment for all people to support the rapid socioeconomic development of Ghana. Six years into the implementation of the National Urban Policy by the government, what is the sustainability status of the Ghanaian city? The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the sustainability status of Accra Metropolitan Area, the capital city of Ghana. The study adopted a set of city sustainability indicators that revealed the weak and strong points of Accra metropolis. Forty-one Accra Sustainability Indicators were defined and classified into Economic, Environment, Social and Institutional (local governance) dimensions. The evaluation was for a period of 4 years, (2012 to 2015) during which the 2012 Urban Policy and its action plan were being implemented. Questionnaires were developed based on the indicators and administered to stakeholders. The quantitative data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel. The results showed Accra's economic dimension approaching sustainability while environmental and institutional dimensions performed poorly. The social dimension, though performed below average, rose marginally over the period. Overall sustainability index of Accra was below average and showed a progression towards sustainability over the last 4 years, rising from 0.48 in 2012 to 0.51 in 2015. The findings of this study are helpful to local authorities for sustainable city planning and management.
International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies
Towards green cities in developing countries: Egyptian new cities as a case studyLoading Preview
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