A note on Sidon sets in bounded orthonormal systems
Résumé
We give a simple example of an n-tuple of orthonormal elements in L2 (actually martingale differences) bounded by a fixed constant, and hence subgaussian with a fixed constant but that are Sidon only with constant ≈n−−√. This is optimal. The first example of this kind was given by Bourgain and Lewko, but with constant ≈logn−−−−√. We also include the analogous n×n-matrix valued example, for which the optimal constant is ≈n. We deduce from our example that there are two n-tuples each Sidon with constant 1, lying in orthogonal linear subspaces and such that their union is Sidon only with constant ≈n−−√. This is again asymptotically optimal. We show that any martingale difference sequence with values in [−1,1] is “dominated” in a natural sense (related to our results) by any sequence of independent, identically distributed, symmetric {−1,1}-valued variables (e.g. the Rademacher functions). We include a self-contained proof that any sequence (φn) that is the union of two Sidon sequences lying in orthogonal subspaces is such that (φn⊗φn⊗φn⊗φn) is Sidon.
Domaines
Mathématiques [math]Origine | Publication financée par une institution |
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