Abstract
An investigation of the strong gravitational lensing in specific model of modified gravity is presented. It is shown that a slight modification to the general relativistic metric near the neighborhood of complete capture can be obtained. The formulae for the position of the critical curves, relativistic images and their magnification in the new metric are calculated and the differences with general relativity are compared. Furthermore, the radius of stable orbits is derived and the critical impact parameter is calculated. Finally, it is shown that in the strong field limit this solution may give a considerable contribution to gravitational lensing.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alhamzawi, A., Alhazmawi, R.: Astrophys. Space Sci. 358, 50 (2015)
Arbuzova, E.V., Dolgov, A.D., Reverberi, L.: J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 2012, 049 (2012)
Bamba, K., Nojiri, S., Odintsov, S.: J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 10, 045 (2008)
Bartelmann, M., Schneider, P.: Phys. Rep. 340, 291–472 (2001)
Bean, R., Bernat, D., Pogosian, L., Silvestri, A., Trodden, M.: Phys. Rev. D 75, 064020 (2007)
Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G.S., Tsupko, O.Y.: Astrophysics 51, 99–111 (2008)
Bozza, V., Capozziello, S., Iovane, G., Scarpetta, G.: Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 33, 1535–1548 (2001)
Bozza, V.: Phys. Rev. D 66, 103001 (2002)
Capozziello, S., Cardone, V.F., Troisi, A.: Phys. Rev. D 73, 104019 (2006)
Capozziello, S., Stabile, A., Troisi, A.: Phys. Rev. 24, 2153 (2007)
Carroll, S.M., Duvvuri, V., Trodden, M., Turner, M.S.: (2003). arXiv:astro-ph/0306438
Daniel, S.F., Linder, E.V., Smith, T.L., Caldwell, R.R., Cooray, A., Leauthaud, A., Lombriser, L.: Phys. Rev. D 81, 123508 (2010)
Faraoni, V., Nadeau, S.: Phys. Rev. D 72, 124005 (2005)
Horváth, Z., Gergely, L., Hobill, D., Capozziello, S., De Laurentis, M.: Phys. Rev. D 88, 063009 (2013)
Ishihara, A., Suzuki, Y., Ono, T., Kitamura, T., Asada, H.: T Phys. Rev. D 94, 084015 (2016)
Jain, B., Zhang, P.: Phys. Rev. D 73, 063503 (2008)
Jullo, E., Natarajan, P., Kneib, J.-P., DAloisio, A., Limousin, M., Richard, J., Schimd, C.: Science 329, 924–927 (2010)
Kaiser, N.: (1999). arXiv:astro-ph/9912569
Lewis, A., Challinor, A.: Phys. Rep. 429, 1–65 (2006)
Linder, E.V.: Phys. Rev. D 70, 043534 (2004)
Motohashi, H., Nishizawa, A.L.: Phys. Rev. D 86, 083514 (2012)
Multamäki, T., Vilja, I.: Phys. Rev. D 74, 064022 (2006)
Munshi, D., Valageas, P., Van Waerbeke, L., Heavens, A.: Phys. Rev. D Phys. Rep. 462, 67–121 (2008)
Nojiri, S., Odintsov, S.D.: Phys. Rev. D 68, 123512 (2003)
Nojiri, S., Odintsov, S.D.: Phys. Rev. D 74, 086005 (2006)
Refregier, A.: Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 41, 645 (2003)
Reid, M.J., Brunthaler, A.: Astrophys. J. 616, 872 (2004)
Reyes, R., Mandelbaum, R., Seljak, U., Baldauf, T., Gunn, J.E., Lombriser, L., Smith, R.E.: Nature 464, 256–258 (2010)
Sarbu, N., Rusin, D., Ma, C.-P.: Astrophys. J. Lett. 561, L147 (2001)
Sawicki, I., Hu, W.: Phys. Rev. D 75, 127502 (2007)
Schmidt, F.: Phys. Rev. D 78, 043002 (2008)
Sotiriou, T.P., Faraoni, V.: Rev. Mod. Phys. 82, 451 (2010)
Stabile, A., Stabile, An: Phys. Rev. D 85, 044014 (2012)
Starobinsky, A.: JETP Lett. 30, 682 (1979)
Starobinsky, A.A.: JETP Lett. 86, 157–163 (2007)
Turyshev, S.G.: (2008), arXiv preprint arXiv:0806.1731
Virbhadra, K.S., Ellis, G.F.R.: Phys. Rev. D 62, 084003 (2000)
Wald, R.M.: General Relativity. University of Chicago press (2010)
Wei, S.-W., Liu, Y.-X., Fu, C.-E., Yang, K.: J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 2012, 053 (2012)
Weinberg, S.: Gravitation and Cosmology: Principles and Applications of the General Theory of Relativity. Wiley, New York (1972)
Whisker, R.: Phys. Rev. D 71, 064004 (2005)
Will, C.M.: arXiv preprint arXiv:gr-qc/0510072 (2005)
Wittman, D.: Gravitational Lensing: An Astrophysical Tool, vol. 608, pp. 55–95. Springer, Germany (2002)
Yang, X.-J., Chen, D.-M.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 2009, 394 (2009)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Alhamzawi, A., Alhamzawi, R. Gravitational lensing in the strong field limit by modified gravity. Gen Relativ Gravit 48, 167 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10714-016-2161-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10714-016-2161-z