This paper reports the effects of different dietary lipid concentrations on growth, food conversi... more This paper reports the effects of different dietary lipid concentrations on growth, food conversion and product (meat) quality of blackfin sea bream Acanthopagrus berda (mean body weight 10.2±0.5 g) juveniles which were collected from Sonari channel, Hawksbay, Karachi and were brought to the laboratory. Fish were acclimatized for 10 days. Subsequently, they were placed in rectangular glass tanks (150 liters each). Six fish were stocked in each tank with three replications. Fish were fed four isonitrogenous (42% protein) diets of different lipid levels (15%, 20%, 25% and 30%) for 60 days. Fish fed diet of 20% lipid showed considerable weight gain, high specific growth rate (SGR) and low feed conversion ratio (FCR) values. Fish body protein concentration remained consistent though liner relationship was found between body lipid and lipid level in the diets. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) was directly proportional to the concentration of lipid in diets. Generally, the nutrients like protein, lipid and ash in the fish meat were not significantly influenced by the lipid levels. No substantial changes in total quantity of saturates were noted in liver of the fish. Similarly, the monounsaturated fatty acid were only partially affected. No important differences were shown in total monoenes. The overall poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were significantly increased as lipid level increased. The n-3/n-6 was found to be reduced from 5.4 to 2.3 among fish fed diets of 15% and 30% lipid levels. Based on the biological data, it was estimated that optimal level of lipid for A. berda weighing from 10.2 g and 56.3 g was 20%.
Abstract Human communities inhabiting remote and
geomorphically fragile flood plain areas are pa... more Abstract Human communities inhabiting remote and
geomorphically fragile flood plain areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change-related hazards and hydrometeorological extremes. This study presents the community livelihood structure, perception of climate change, and indigenous coping strategies adopted by the local communities in the flood plain areas especially at the Hail haor. Field observations reveal that there have been several recent phenomena that are identified and reported on the manifestations of climate change by the respondent community members. These phenomena includes the following: loss of income (90 %), reduced fish availability (80 %), reduced fish diversity (70 %), reduced migratory bird’s availability (70 %), decreased crop production (70 %), food crisis (70 %), reduced aquatic plants availability (60 %), sudden flood (60 %), increased storm (60 %), decreased water-retaining capacity of beels and haor (60 %), increased drought (50 %), temperature rise (50 %), drying of water supply canal (50 %), scattered rainfall patterns (40 %), increased fish diseases during winter season (40 %), increased human viral diseases (20 %), and introduction of unknown paddy diseases (red coloration of plant, 20 %). The indigenous adaptation and coping strategies were identified. The correlations between coping strategies and physical, human, financial, natural, and social assets were significant. From the present field observation, it is evident that livestock rearing, homestead vegetable gardening, increased fishing time, and change in livelihood options found as most effective options to cope with the adverse effect of climate change. By identifying localized climate change disasters with intensity of impacts and analyzing indigenous coping mechanisms, this study attempts to address the community-based adaptation practices in climate change challenges.
Abstract: Hail haor has played a crucial role in the natural fish production, maintenance of biod... more Abstract: Hail haor has played a crucial role in the natural fish production, maintenance of biodiversity and creation of employment in the north-east area of Bangladesh. In the recent years it is losing its reputation. Although climate change is the main reason for the adverse impact on its beauty and resources, other factors such as population increase, over exploitation of fish, and lack of knowledge about its economic importance, are also responsible. This study was undertaken to review activities of the existing co-management organizations in the Hail haor in the context of threats of climate change in the locality. The findings show that 57% of the respondents’ main occupation is fishing. The respondent community people show a degree of concern, and perceive the manifestations of climate change as changes in temperature, rainfall and water flow. The two concerned Resource Management Organizations (RMO) are reasonably operational. The Borogangina RMO (score of 80.60) has been found to be better performing as compared to Dumuria (score 66). There remain some problems in the study area which pose a challenge to RMOs members. In this context government should restart the existing co-management system in the Hail haor for the sustainable development of the haor. Keywords: Hail Haor, RMO, CMO, FGD
This paper reports the effects of different dietary lipid concentrations on growth, food conversi... more This paper reports the effects of different dietary lipid concentrations on growth, food conversion and product (meat) quality of blackfin sea bream Acanthopagrus berda (mean body weight 10.2±0.5 g) juveniles which were collected from Sonari channel, Hawksbay, Karachi and were brought to the laboratory. Fish were acclimatized for 10 days. Subsequently, they were placed in rectangular glass tanks (150 liters each). Six fish were stocked in each tank with three replications. Fish were fed four isonitrogenous (42% protein) diets of different lipid levels (15%, 20%, 25% and 30%) for 60 days. Fish fed diet of 20% lipid showed considerable weight gain, high specific growth rate (SGR) and low feed conversion ratio (FCR) values. Fish body protein concentration remained consistent though liner relationship was found between body lipid and lipid level in the diets. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) was directly proportional to the concentration of lipid in diets. Generally, the nutrients like protein, lipid and ash in the fish meat were not significantly influenced by the lipid levels. No substantial changes in total quantity of saturates were noted in liver of the fish. Similarly, the monounsaturated fatty acid were only partially affected. No important differences were shown in total monoenes. The overall poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were significantly increased as lipid level increased. The n-3/n-6 was found to be reduced from 5.4 to 2.3 among fish fed diets of 15% and 30% lipid levels. Based on the biological data, it was estimated that optimal level of lipid for A. berda weighing from 10.2 g and 56.3 g was 20%.
Abstract Human communities inhabiting remote and
geomorphically fragile flood plain areas are pa... more Abstract Human communities inhabiting remote and
geomorphically fragile flood plain areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change-related hazards and hydrometeorological extremes. This study presents the community livelihood structure, perception of climate change, and indigenous coping strategies adopted by the local communities in the flood plain areas especially at the Hail haor. Field observations reveal that there have been several recent phenomena that are identified and reported on the manifestations of climate change by the respondent community members. These phenomena includes the following: loss of income (90 %), reduced fish availability (80 %), reduced fish diversity (70 %), reduced migratory bird’s availability (70 %), decreased crop production (70 %), food crisis (70 %), reduced aquatic plants availability (60 %), sudden flood (60 %), increased storm (60 %), decreased water-retaining capacity of beels and haor (60 %), increased drought (50 %), temperature rise (50 %), drying of water supply canal (50 %), scattered rainfall patterns (40 %), increased fish diseases during winter season (40 %), increased human viral diseases (20 %), and introduction of unknown paddy diseases (red coloration of plant, 20 %). The indigenous adaptation and coping strategies were identified. The correlations between coping strategies and physical, human, financial, natural, and social assets were significant. From the present field observation, it is evident that livestock rearing, homestead vegetable gardening, increased fishing time, and change in livelihood options found as most effective options to cope with the adverse effect of climate change. By identifying localized climate change disasters with intensity of impacts and analyzing indigenous coping mechanisms, this study attempts to address the community-based adaptation practices in climate change challenges.
Abstract: Hail haor has played a crucial role in the natural fish production, maintenance of biod... more Abstract: Hail haor has played a crucial role in the natural fish production, maintenance of biodiversity and creation of employment in the north-east area of Bangladesh. In the recent years it is losing its reputation. Although climate change is the main reason for the adverse impact on its beauty and resources, other factors such as population increase, over exploitation of fish, and lack of knowledge about its economic importance, are also responsible. This study was undertaken to review activities of the existing co-management organizations in the Hail haor in the context of threats of climate change in the locality. The findings show that 57% of the respondents’ main occupation is fishing. The respondent community people show a degree of concern, and perceive the manifestations of climate change as changes in temperature, rainfall and water flow. The two concerned Resource Management Organizations (RMO) are reasonably operational. The Borogangina RMO (score of 80.60) has been found to be better performing as compared to Dumuria (score 66). There remain some problems in the study area which pose a challenge to RMOs members. In this context government should restart the existing co-management system in the Hail haor for the sustainable development of the haor. Keywords: Hail Haor, RMO, CMO, FGD
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geomorphically fragile flood plain areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change-related hazards and hydrometeorological extremes. This study presents the community livelihood structure, perception of climate change, and indigenous coping strategies adopted by the local communities in the flood plain areas especially at the Hail haor. Field observations reveal that there have been several recent phenomena that are identified and reported on the manifestations of climate change by the respondent community members. These phenomena includes the following: loss of income (90 %), reduced fish availability (80 %), reduced fish diversity (70 %), reduced migratory bird’s availability (70 %), decreased crop production (70 %), food crisis (70 %), reduced aquatic plants availability (60 %), sudden flood (60 %), increased storm (60 %), decreased water-retaining capacity of beels and haor (60 %), increased drought (50 %), temperature rise (50 %), drying of water supply canal (50 %), scattered rainfall patterns (40 %), increased fish diseases during winter season (40 %), increased human viral diseases (20 %), and introduction of unknown paddy diseases (red coloration of plant, 20 %). The indigenous adaptation and coping strategies were identified. The correlations between coping strategies and physical, human, financial, natural, and social assets were significant. From the present field observation, it is evident that livestock rearing, homestead vegetable gardening, increased fishing time, and change in livelihood options found as most effective options to cope with the adverse effect of climate change. By identifying localized climate change disasters with intensity of impacts and analyzing indigenous coping mechanisms, this study attempts to address the community-based adaptation practices in climate change challenges.
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geomorphically fragile flood plain areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change-related hazards and hydrometeorological extremes. This study presents the community livelihood structure, perception of climate change, and indigenous coping strategies adopted by the local communities in the flood plain areas especially at the Hail haor. Field observations reveal that there have been several recent phenomena that are identified and reported on the manifestations of climate change by the respondent community members. These phenomena includes the following: loss of income (90 %), reduced fish availability (80 %), reduced fish diversity (70 %), reduced migratory bird’s availability (70 %), decreased crop production (70 %), food crisis (70 %), reduced aquatic plants availability (60 %), sudden flood (60 %), increased storm (60 %), decreased water-retaining capacity of beels and haor (60 %), increased drought (50 %), temperature rise (50 %), drying of water supply canal (50 %), scattered rainfall patterns (40 %), increased fish diseases during winter season (40 %), increased human viral diseases (20 %), and introduction of unknown paddy diseases (red coloration of plant, 20 %). The indigenous adaptation and coping strategies were identified. The correlations between coping strategies and physical, human, financial, natural, and social assets were significant. From the present field observation, it is evident that livestock rearing, homestead vegetable gardening, increased fishing time, and change in livelihood options found as most effective options to cope with the adverse effect of climate change. By identifying localized climate change disasters with intensity of impacts and analyzing indigenous coping mechanisms, this study attempts to address the community-based adaptation practices in climate change challenges.