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Draft:Oscar C. Wehle

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Oscar C. Wehle
Oscar C. Wehle in Nov. 1885 at convention of Western Association of Architects in St. Louis.[1]
Born1859
Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died1921
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
OccupationArchitect
SpouseNever married.
Childrennone
Signature of Oscar C. Wehle upon enlistment in the 5th Ohio Infantry, Company L: War with Spain.[2]



The Louis Seelbach residence, 1888, a.k.a. Seelbach/Parrish house, 900 blk of S. Sixth St. Louisville KY. Wehle & Dodd. Photo by Chroniclerk.
Major L. W. Mckee house, Lawrenceburg, Kentucky. 1886. Wehle & Dodd. Photo by Chroniclerk.
The Standard Club of Louisville. 1885 Wehle.[3]1887 Wehle & Dodd.[4]

Oscar C. Wehle (1859 – 1921), also known as O. C. Wehle, was a Kentucky born architect. He practiced as an architect, or an engineer, primarily in north central Kentucky and in Chicago Illinois in the years from 1883 to 1905.

Early life: family, formation, and fraternity

Oscar Charles Wehle was born in Louisville Kentucky ten years after his father Wilhelm Wehle (1809 - 1881) emigrated to the United States from Prague Bohemia. Wilhelm, later William, was with a party of over twenty kin arriving together at New York City in May 1849,[5] [6] in the wake of the failed Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire. Several of the Wehle extended family had participated in the Prague insurrection. "The Wehles were one of the aristocratic old Jewish families of Prague [who] took a leading part in the Sabbateans group",[7] a small and short-lived, messianic and reformist offshoot from Judaism at the time. Oscar's grandfather Aaron Beer Wehle (1759 - 1825) was a leading rabbi of the Prague sect. The Wehles proceeded from New York to the Ohio valley, first settling at Madison IN before moving on to Louisville KY.[8] Oscar's mother, Rosa Tachau (b. 1831), Jewish and 22 years younger than Oscar s father, was born in the Danish/German border region.[9] Besides Oscar, there were five other children in the family: Alice, Emma, Bertha, Edwin H. and Ernest C, all born in Kentucky and all but Alice were younger than Oscar.[10] The Wehle children attended the Louisville public schools, however, nothing is known of Oscar's formal education beyond high school.

When Rosa Tachau Wehle died in 1884 her friends published a tribute to her in the Louisville Courier-Journal newspaper, Feb. 14, 1884, pg 5: 

   "... If life is but a 'duty,' and the
   performance of duty is payment for 
   the boon of existence, then the sub-
   ject of this sketch [Rosa] has more
   than paid her every debt in full. 
   Her lot it was, not as widow, but as
   wife and mother to be the 'Bread Winner'
   for a large family. She performed more
   than a man's part, and her energy, tact,
   and industry made her a bright illustra- 
   tion of woman's capacity & capability...
   Sweet flowers will deck her grave. None
   were ever strewn along her path in life.
   She has richly earned the quiet rest
   which never before she had enjoyed."

From this excerpt a reader may infer that Rosa's contemporaries viewed the Wehles as a large family without the means for an easy life and that Wilhelm, then dead only three years (1881), had not been a reliable primary bread winner for the household.

Also formative in Oscar's youth was the American Civil War (1861 - 1865), which brought as many as 100,000 Union troops through the city of Louisville Kentucky.[11] A Union army force would remain in Louisville after the war through the end of the same decade and into the early 1870s to recruit and train African American men at the Taylor Barracks (Kentucky) for soldiering out in the western plains. For Oscar, as for most Louisvillians, a military presence would have been a commonplace in city life. Of note, in mid 1861, after a state of insurrection was declared, Oscar's father, Wilhelm, a merchant of wines, liquors, and Hungarian cigars[12] was implicated in the smuggling of contraband (a load of pistols) on the railroad from Cincinnati to Louisville. Wilhelm was identified as being "of the Hebrew fraternity" and having fled on being confronted by authorities. [13]

From age 18 onward, Oscar Wehle identifies and associates himself with available militia culture through enlistment or employment, whether sporadic or continuous is not yet known, in the Kentucky State Guard,[14] Kentucky Federal Militia,[15] Corps of Engineers,[16] and the U.S. Army regular infantry during the War with Spain, this final enlistment seeming especially odd as he was nearly 40 years old in 1898. (Immediately felled by illness, it is unlikely he saw action.)[17]As a bachelor and sporting man of his times, Oscar's adult life outlines a preference for the manly world of the military regiment, the outdoor sportsman's life[18] and, as well, homosocial societies like the Young Hebrew Men's Association or YMHA,[19] the German Gymnastic Association or Turners, and The Brotherhood of Commercial Travelers,[20] for example.

Career

In Louisville, except for a brief stint as a salesman for C. G. Tachau Co. in 1879, Oscar's career proceeded in a customary fashion. He apprenticed as a draughtsman in the offices of architects C.S. Mergell (1877 - 78) and C. A. Curtain (1881),[21] surveyed with the United States Army Corps of Engineers in 1880,[22] and his first employment as an architect was for the L&N Railroad (1882-84).[23] He had three professional partnerships in Kentucky: with C.S. Mergell (Mergell & Wehle 1884-85), with William J. Dodd (Wehle & Dodd 1886-88) and, after a hiatus in his practice because of bad health, with E.M. Camp (Wehle & Camp 1893-94).[24] He joined the A.I.A. in 1890 but resigned from same organization five years later, not reinstating active membership after 1895.[25] The historical record is not clear as to whether he maintained licensing, specifically as an architect, after 1895. In Chicago, Wehle worked in the firm of Holabird & Roche[26] (dates not determined) and in the early 19-aughts, he was employed in the firm of Patton & Miller.[27]

Numerous sources from the late 1880s through 1914 cite chronic illness as a burden on Wehle's well-being and career. The nature of the affliction is not identified, but in seeking relief Oscar traveled to the American west and to New York for extended periods, returning to Louisville and Chicago thereafter. Whatever was the underlying condition, it did require hospitalization and medical intervention[28] but it did not significantly shorten his life. He died at age 62, "suddenly, at his place of residence," a boarding house, on Ridgewood Court in Hyde Park Chicago Oct. 27, 1921.[29]

Known work of the short-lived partnership of Wehle & Dodd

  • Max Selliger residence (mid 1886), 1022 S. 3rd St. Old Louisville-Limerick Historic District.
  • Lewis Witherspoon & Eliza Irwin McKee residence (autumn 1886), 1224 Harrodsburg Rd. Lawrenceburg, KY.
  • The Standard Club of Louisville (1887) 500 blk of 5th street. Demolished ca 1915.
  • Louis Seelbach residence (1888), also known as Seelbach/Parrish House, 926 S. 6th St. Old Louisville-Limerick Historic District.

Other designs attributed solely to O. C. Wehle

Wayfarers' Lodge, 1894: Wehle designed. Converted to commercial use by 1940 when photo was taken.
  • Residence of Capt. D. Pickney "Pink" Varble and Mary F. Varble, circa 1888, 1423 Everett Avenue, Louisville, Kentucky.[30] Demolished circa 1963 for new construction.
  • Wayfarers' Lodge, 1894, Floyd, Linden and Walnut (now Muhamad Ali Blvd.) streets, Louisville, Kentucky.[31] "The new building is ... three stories in height and built of pressed brick. The front is ornamented with stone trimmings, and over the wide front door is a stone ... inscription "Wayfarers' Lodge".[32] Demolished circa 1962 for I-65 expressway corridor.
  • Country "farm" home of Alfred Brandeis & Frederica Dembitz Brandeis, circa 1898, Ladless Hill, Jefferson County, Kentucky; "a relatively modest clapboard home at the edge of the bluff, [with] a broad porch offering sweeping views of the Ohio River beyond". This "large cottage" burned in 1909.[33][34]

References

  1. ^ Inland Architect, March 1886. Group photo published with list of identifying names and placement positions.
  2. ^ Digital Public Libary of America, http://catalog.archives.gov/id/70123490 Accessed 09/29/2024 07:00 a.m.
  3. ^ The Jewish Free Press of St. Louis, Missouri, March 27, 1885, p.3.
  4. ^ Brown, R. Wood. (1915). Book of Louisville and Kentucky: Edition 1915, with pictures. [Louisville, Ky.]: Louisville Convention and Publicity League - page 18
  5. ^ Campbell, Scott. The Brandeis Family and Madison Indiana. The Brandeis and Harlan papers at the University of Louisville Law Library. Scott Campbell is archivist of the Brandeis and Harlan papers at the University of Louisville Law Library
  6. ^ New York, Passenger Lists, 1820 - 1957 [Ancestry.com. database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Original data: Passenger Lists of Vessels Arriving at New York, New York, 1820-1897. Microfilm Publication M237, 675 rolls. Records of the U.S. Customs Service, Record Group 36. National Archives at Washington, D.C. Year: 1849; Arrival: New York, New York (from Bremen and Southhampton); Microfilm Serial: M237, 1820-1897; Microfilm Roll: Roll 079; Line: 39 (should be 79); List Number: 495.
  7. ^ Scholem, Gershom. A Sabbathaian Will from New York. From Miscellanies (Jewish Historical Society of England), Vol. 5 (1948), pp. 193-211 Published by: Jewish Historical Society of England
  8. ^ Campbell, Scott
  9. ^ The Tachau family arrived in Louisville around the year 1848. Rosa's gravestone identifies the city Friedrichstadt & duchy of Schleswig for her birth.
  10. ^ 1870 US Census
  11. ^ University of Louisville. Freedom Park, Historical Obelisks, text: The Civil War 1863 - 1865
  12. ^ Daily Courier (Louisville), Feb. 14, 1852 Friends of Kossuth
  13. ^ LOUISVILLE DAILY JOURNAL - JULY 22, 1861 P. 3
  14. ^ "'Muster Roll of the Louisville Legion"' (State Guard, Co. A)
  15. ^ History of the Ohio Falls Counties: Militia of 1880; also, 1881 Kentucky Legislative Document No. 11, Report of Adjutant General, p.26
  16. ^ Cincinnati Enquirer, Feb. 9, 1881, p.5
  17. ^ The Official Roster of Ohio Soldiers in the War with Spain 1898-1899. Pub. Edward T. Miller Co. Columbus OH. 1916, p. 387
  18. ^ See the magazines Western Field and Forest & Stream for O.C. Wehle contributions from 1908 through the following decade.
  19. ^ The YMHA publication The Chronicler, Louisville, February 1923, Vol. 10, No. 12, p. 11. Oscar is listed on an archived YMHA public program from July 1, 1879 performing a recitation.
  20. ^ The American Stationer, Vol. 27, 1890. p. 8. Pub. Howard Lockwood, The BCT is a literary & publishers trade association.
  21. ^ Caron's Louisville City Directories, years 1877 - 1881
  22. ^ Cincinnati Enquirer, February 9, 1881. P. 5 “HEADLIGHT FLASHES (Column 2) On the Knoxville Road
  23. ^ Caron's, years 1882-84
  24. ^ Inland Architect & News Record, Vol. XXI, No. 3, April 1893 p. 40
  25. ^ Proceedings of the 36th Annual Convention of the American Institute of Architects, Volume 36, Gibson Bros. pub. 1903. p. 175
  26. ^ Sylvester, Jeanne “The Beaux-Arts Boys” of Chicago: an architectural genealogy 1890-1930, pg. 22. From The Classicist. The Institute of Classical Architecture & Art 20 West 44th St. Ste. 310, New York, NY. 2019
  27. ^ Miami Student, Vol. 24, 1905, pp. 82, 85. Miami University of Ohio.
  28. ^ The Family Letters of Louis D. Brandeis Edited by Melvin I. Urofsky and David W. Levy, University of Oklahoma Press : Norman. 2002, p. 270
  29. ^ Chicago Tribune, Sat. Oct. 29, 1921, p. 11
  30. ^ Inland Architect, February 1886 Vol. VII, No. 1, p. 13
  31. ^ Courier-Journal Newspaper, Jun 28, 1893, p. 8
  32. ^ Courier-Journal, Feb 15, 1894; p. 5
  33. ^ The Family Letters of Louis Dembitz Brandeis Edited by Melvin I. Urofsky and David W. Levy. University of Oklahoma Press, p. 120. "Oscar Wehle, a Chicago architect, designed Alfred Brandeis’s farm at Ladless Hill."
  34. ^ Country Houses of Louisville, 1899-1939. Authors, Winfrey P. Blackburn and R. Scott Gill. Contributor, Mark A. Hewitt. Publisher, Butler Books, 2011, p. 232.

Category: architects from Kentucky Category: Sabbateans Category: Jewish Czech history Category: American Institute of Architects Category: 1859 births Category: 1921 deaths Category: Jews and Judaism in Kentucky Category: Homeless shelters Category: United States Army Corps of Engineers

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